Q 4 Answer
5 DIAMONDS
Your partner has overcalled spades so should have 5 cards and 10 points. You have 17 HCPs and if your partner has one diamond you have a fit and can add shortage points. You are not vulnerable so 5 diamonds.
Q 14 Answer
4 HEARTS
Your partner has repeated hearts so has 6 cards in the suit. You now have a fit and can add shortage points and so should go to 4H.
Q 24 Answer
3 CLUBS
Your partner is saying that they do not have hearts or spades and for you to bid your best OTHER suit. So bid 3C - you have enough points to bid whether EAST passes or not!